Diary Of An Irish Immigrant - 1951 Words

Brendan Ryan February 16th, 2017 Class 811 Period 3 The Diary of an Irish Immigrant Entry #1: Leaving Ireland. December 8th, 1892 It s so cold today. I sit on a suitcase packed for me, Norah. I am from a small town in Ireland called Cobh, and I live there with my mother, father and little sister. Glenn is my older brother, three years older than me. Oh, and I m sixteen. I guess you could call this feeling anxiety, but it really is more than that. It feels like I ll never come home, and I ll never see mother and father again. Everyone says (well, if you can call the newspaper editor and his wife everyone) that America is paved with gold and that endless opportunities await anyone who goes. But the stories I†¦show more content†¦It s dark, and I can t see what I am writing well at all, so excuse me if my penmanship is sloppy. I thought about it, and decided that I should record what s going on, because I don t want to become senile and forget everything once I get old. Glenn told me that he has arranged to get a job at a dock once we land. We are only a week or so in to our voyage, so I can t exactly sta rt complaining yet, seeing as we haven t even reached the halfway point in our journey. I m trying not to allow myself to look forward to living in America too much, in case it isn t all I hoped it would be. But I can t help it. I stand on the deck and picture being able to teach school, and have a job, and live in my own house... and I get get carried away, and then I remember that it could be a month before I am even able to become a citizen. All is I hear is stories of having absolute freedom in America, cleanliness, fairness, and equality. But most of all, I hear about money. It s everywhere, they say, ready for making your fortune whatever way you please. I m sorry, this entry must be shorter than most. I forgot to say that Glenn has fallen ill, but it seems like it s just a flu bug, and hopefully he will be better soon. Hopefully. Entry #3: This long journey better be worth it December 20th, 1893 I feel wretched from all the rocking and turning of the ship. I thought I d get used to it, but it feels like it s gotten ten times worse I feel like I can whine aboutShow MoreRelatedJacksonian Democracy750 Words   |  3 Pagesneeded to secure their rights as workers and Americans. In his Diary from 1828-1851, Phillip Hone recorded observations of what he noticed during two riots between the Irish and Americans. He also speaks about quarrels between the Irish and Blacks, and Blacks and Whites (E). It is important to understand what was happening between the Irish and Americans, and between the Irish and the Blacks. The Irish fleeing british overlords traveled to America in search of a new lifeRead More DBQ 1820s 1830s Essay733 Words   |  3 Pagesprotection needed to secure their rights as workers and Americans. In his Diary from 1828-1851, Phillip Hone recorded observations of what he noticed during two riots between the Irish and Americans. He also speaks about quarrels between the Irish and Blacks, and Blacks and Whites (E). It is important to understand what was happening between the Irish and Americans, and between the Irish and the Blacks. The Irish fleeing british overlords traveled to America in search of a new life, hopingRead MoreEssay about Taking a Closer Look at the Golding Sisters831 Words   |  4 Pagespopulation boom and an influx of foreign immigrants all trying their luck at making it rich. The new Australians had different cultures and varying religious practices. They sought for schools and places of prayer in their own languages (Dixon, 2005). Unemployment and financial struggles grew with this increasing population. Male dominance was considered the norm so women were left with unjust opportunities for unemployment and equality in the workplace (Womens Diaries, 1997). 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They had two children, John Andrew and Samuel, but Thomas disappeared randomly. Susannah would later write in her diary that she believed he left her for another woman and moved to another area of Canada. This event pushedRead More The Potato Famine Essay2687 Words   |  11 PagesOf the nineteenth century.† -Ian Gibson nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Irish-American. To some, this term merely designates one of the many ethnic groups which can be found in the United States; but to those who are Irish-American, it represents a people who faced a disaster of mammoth proportions and who managed to survive at great cost. The Great Hunger of 1845 changed, or more often, destroyed the lives of millions of Irish, causing them to seek refuge from poverty and starvation in other, moreRead More The Emporer Caesar Essay1496 Words   |  6 Pagesfamous as the first Roman Emperor to convert to Christianity. 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Philip Hone once addressed these in his diary, stating that, â€Å"dreadful riots between the Irish and the Americans have again disturbed the public peace†, and also that, â€Å"The spirit of riot and insubordination†¦has made its appearance in†¦Philadelphia, and appearsRead MoreJacksonian Dbq1652 Words   |  7 Pagesliberty and equality, the million s of women. Blacks, Native Americans, immigrants, and other minorities in America continued to languish in a society that ignored their rights. during the Age of Jackson, enslavement of Blacks, the ultimate form of inequality, was at a new high in America. At the same time, enormous disparities of wealth existed between rich merchants, industrialists and planters, and their lowly workers: immigrants. Blacks, and the common man. While these contradictions typified AmericaRead MoreEssay on The Donner Party Tragedy2584 Words   |  11 Pagestraveled by anyone for this purpose, not even by himself. In the following, the diaries of the Donner Party will be cited and combined with the information known about the situations. While the group was still in Springfield in preparation, it was extremely hard for many to move once more to the West, but it should be the last time. Virginia Reed, the 13 year old adopted daughter of James F. Reed, wrote in her diary: â€Å"My father, with tears in his eyes, tried to smile as one friend after another

Poes Heart Essay - 1456 Words

Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most recognized prose poets, short story authors, and literary composers of all time. His works contain trending themes such as love, time, death and the concept of â€Å"oneness.† Poe often expressed these themes according to events that he had experienced, and some of his themes intertwined with others. Take for instance, his love for beauty and perfection played a major role in his concept of oneness, or state of absolute fulfillment. However in his short story, The Tell-Tale Heart, Poe effectively explores the power of guilt, and leads his readers through a cynical plot to murder while enduring the struggle to silence a beating conscience by treading the lines of genius versus insanity, moral reasoning versus†¦show more content†¦So while his ideas of truth and fiction â€Å"mingled† with one another to be exposed on paper, his inability to carefully distinguish the two is what added timelessness to The Tell-Tale Heart. Debatin g and deciphering the difference between an absolute intellect and an absolute sociopath is one investigation that never grows old. Poe’s writing not only treads the line of genius and insanity, but he balances the two in a way that leaves each reader with the opportunity to form his/her own conclusion of the narrator. Now, this story also blurs the line between moral reason and indifferent resolution. In the opening excerpts of the story, the narrator explains that he indeed loved the old man. The old man â€Å"never wronged nor insulted him.† But the feeling that he felt towards the old man’s eye was something so overwhelming, it shadowed any moral reasoning he could ever imagine. He explains that his blood ran cold whenever he looked at it. So this caused him to compute an indifferent resolution: kill the old man, and he’d no longer have to witness the chilling eye. He still remained kind to the old man after resolving to kill him. Although it seems that he would behave this way based on his moral reason, the idea actually stemmed from his indifferent resolution. He wanted to make sure the old man had no idea of his sinister plot, so he treated him well before executing his demise. OftenShow MoreRelatedEdgar Allan Poes The Tell Tale Heart1203 Words   |  5 PagesA Tell-Tal e Spirit In 1843, author Edgar Allan Poe crafted a haunting story about a man who commits murder because he finds an old mans’ pale eye unsettling. This story, â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, is one of many masterfully written stories crafted by the gifted writer. Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19th, 1809, in Boston, Massachusetts but was orphaned at the young age of three. His foster parents surrounded him with material comfort in the city of Richmond, Virginia. As a youth, Poe excelledRead MoreSymbolism In Edgar Allen Poes The Tell Tale Heart1174 Words   |  5 Pagesdoes it make it more or less important? 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He further states that though Poes stories sometimes seem to be nothing more than ramblingsRead More Critical Analysis of Poes The Tell Tale Heart Essay examples1635 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Analysis of Poes The Tell Tale Heart The Tell Tale Heart is a story, on the most basic level, of conflict. There is a mental conflict within the narrator himself (assuming the narrator is male). Through obvious clues and statements, Poe alerts the reader to the mental state of the narrator, which is insanity. The insanity is described as an obsession (with the old mans eye), which in turn leads to loss of control and eventually results in violence. Ultimately, the narrator tellsRead MoreSymbolism in Edgar Allen Poes The Tell-Tale Heart Essay863 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism in Edgar Allen Poes The Tell-Tale Heart In Poes The Tell-Tale Heart, the narrator claims that he is not mad but his behavior tells a different story. 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Judging these answers is neither possible nor desirable for us, but the riddle and the ensuing debates attest to the veracity of one of the mostRead More Edgar Allen Poes The Tell Tale Heart Essay499 Words   |  2 PagesIn The Tell-Tale Heart, by Edgar Allen Poe, the setting, the plot, the characters and even the point of view are great contributing factors to the overall reaction of the readers of the narrative. The setting contributes to the readers reaction in several different ways. All of the shutters in the house were closed, no one could see anything from the outside or the inside. This was important because no one ever knew what went on in the house except the old man with the pale blue eye with a filmRead MoreEssay on Creating Suspense in Edgar Allen Poes The Tell-Tale Heart2319 Words   |  10 PagesCreating Suspense in Edgar Allen Poes The Tell-Tale Heart In the gothic genre there are numerous techniques the author can use to add interest and suspense to a story, such as the choice of words, the time of day and pathetic fallacy, to name but a few. In the Tell Tale- Heart Poe uses psychosis, detail, and appeal to the reader to keep us on the edge of our seats. These are just some examples of what makes the story so thrilling. The story is written in the first person in the styleRead More Comparing Edgar Allen Poes The Cask of Amontillado, The Black Cat, and The Tell-tale Heart752 Words   |  4 PagesComparing Edgar Allen Poes The Cask of Amontillado, The Black Cat, and The Tell-tale Heart The short stories of Edgar Allen Poe demonstrate the authors ample gifts in the psychology of the mind, regardless of the fact he was decades ahead of Freud.   Poes short stories are often from the deranged and murderous point-of-view of the narrator, who often illustrates the inner-workings of his own psychology and the disintegration of the self brought about by psychological disorders, aberrationsRead MoreFreudian Analysis of Edgar Allen Poes a Tell Tale Heart Essay665 Words   |  3 PagesErika Barnett Professor Curley Daring the Nightmare 13 October 2010 A Freudian Analysis of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† By Edgar Allen Poe As an esteemed psychologist analyzing this accused murderer, I have found a few key pieces of evidence that ultimately lead me to the decision that the murderer is in fact mad and I recommend psychological rehabilitation as well as jail sentence as a proper penalty for the crime committed. Although, he claims he can recount the night of the murder â€Å"healthily and

Supply Chain Management of Sadafco Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Supply Chain Management of Sadafco. Answer: Introduction The following report is based on the warehouse design and supply chain management of the organization Sadafco. The report discusses about how the deals with its supply chain network and import the products from another country. Sadafco is located in Saudi Arabia and the organization wishes to import milk products from New Zealand. The purpose of report is to derive an understanding about how supply chain management and warehouse design helps the organization to run its logistic operation. Supply chain management is the active management of supply chain activities to increase the customer value and accomplish sustainable competitive advantages. According to (Christopher 2016), it represents a conscious effort by supply chain organizations to improve and operate supply chain in the most efficient and effective manners possible. Furthermore, supply chain activities cover everything from the product development, sourcing, production and the information systems required to coordinate the activities. Beske (2012), mentioned that the first is that practically every product that reaches an end-user represent a significant amount of effort of multiple firms and these organizations are referred to collectively as the supply chain. Hence, Best (2012) commented that whole supply chain activities have existed for long time and most of the organization have only paid attention to what were happening within the four walls. The following report discuses the purpose as well as the use of warehouse. A critical analysis has also been provided on the significant factors in warehouse designing. Discussing the purpose and the use of warehouse including different types of warehouse Purpose of using warehouse: Warehousing remains as the set of activities that are engaged in receiving as well as storing goods and preparing them for the reshipment. It has been identified that warehouse and the storage remains as an act of storing as well as assorting the finished goods to generate highest time utility at lowest possible cost. Here, the need for storage arises for both raw materials and the finished goods. Therefore, when this storage is done on a large range in particular manner, it is called warehousing. Nonetheless, in this context, Fredendall and Hill (2016) commented that many private organizations are turning into distribution centre instead of constructing the warehouse. Such definition and concept of warehouse is the key part of the supply chain network. The aim of the warehouse management is to control the movement as well as the storage materials within a warehouse. In addition to this, it is also identified that such system of warehouse management directs and optimizes stock, with the help of real time information about the status. Such system involves the physical warehouse infrastructure, tracking systems as well as the communication between the product stations (Ahi and Searcy 2013). Moreover, it is also observed that warehouse is not only concerned with the storage facilities but also involved in different activities such as receiving, identifying, holding, assembling, and preparing to meet the growing demands. In addition, warehouse helps to store the surplus good as well with the help of which the business experts can focus in maintaining a balance between customerssupply and demands. Sadafco in order to maintain the entire supply chain management process properly has focused to store their product to warehouse so that customers can be delivered necessary products and services properly. Types of Warehouses: Private warehouse: It has been identified that the private warehouses are owned as well as operated by the large manufacturers to meet their own storage needs. In this context, commented that goods manufactured or purchased by the owner of the warehouses have a limited value or the utility because the businessmen generally might not be able to make use of them due to the large investment required in the construction of a warehouse. A large manufacturer might have a network of its own warehouses in different parts of the nation. Public Warehouse: Public warehouse is the form of specialized business establishment with the help of which people in general can store their products in certain charge. Generally a specific cooperative society tends to operate the entire process of public warehouse. People in general who do not have enough flexibility in maintaining and establishing a warehouse are the primary users of public warehouse. In order to run a particular public warehouse the operators have to maintain specific government regulations and acts. Especially, this kind of warehouse is used for maintaining and storing agricultural products. Bonded Warehouse: Bonded warehouses are used for the purpose of accepting imported goods for storage. I order to run and operate bonded warehouses the operators need to have license. In order to use bonded warehouse the operators have to follow a particular bond. In this particular bond goods cannot be removed without taking a specific consent of the custom authority. Therefore, the good cannot be withdrawn without taking the consent of custom authority. This particular warehouse is very much beneficial for both importer and exporter. If an importer and exporter is unable to pay the customs duty immediately even after the arrival of goods that individual can use bonded warehouse (Wisner, Tan and Leong 2014). However, in case of Sadafco, the business authority prefers to use private warehouse so that they can maintain their entire logistic procedure without being dependent on the government regulation only. In addition, after maintaining the import system with New Zealand business organizations the business experts would be able to store, stabilize and regulate the products on their own way. As a result, as per the needs and demands of their target groupSadafco can deliver their products as well as services within the stipulated. As a result, the service users do not have to face difficulties in using the services of Sadafco. Explaining the significant factors in warehouse design The business authority of Sadafco while designing the entire warehouse has focused on maintaining some of the major factors that are as follows: Product: Before designing the infrastructure of warehouse the operators have to focus on the necessary products. It is undeniable that warehouses are primarily used for the purpose of storage, stabilizing and departing the products. Therefore, before designing the entire infrastructure the business experts have to focus on the material of product first. Sadafcoprimarily focuses to import milk from New Zealand. Therefore, in order to store this kind of product the infrastructure of the warehouse should be designed in such a way that liquids caa be preserved by maintaining its quality. Space: As Sadafco has to deal with liquid products the materials cannot be stored within a heap. Therefore, the business experts have to invest large amount of money for making a spacious building, sufficient number of window, flexible workspace, numbers of columns, boxes and so on. In order to make a larger and spacious building the business experts would have to large amount of money that the business experts of Sadafco are unable to invest at the present scenario (Ross 2013). Equipment: In order to design a specific warehouse the business experts needs sufficient space along with necessary equipments.Sadafco in order to preserve milks should have sufficient boxes along with racks for organizing the products by maintaining a chronological order. In order to maintain the entire product operation properly the operators should use advancement of technology so that the entire process of business can be run successfully. On the other hand, technological devices are successful enough in maintaining data and information systematically and gradually. Circulation of goods: In the designing of the warehouse, effective circulation of the items or the goods is important due to the reason that, it will determine the consumption of time and cost effectiveness in the warehouse (Barney 2012). In the current scenario, warehouses are being designed in such a way that it will initiate the effective process of inbound and outbound transportation. The ideal design of circulation of goods helps include inbound transportation of the goods from one side and the outflow of the goods from the other. The storage of the goods should also be designed in such a way that, the goods will be sorted according to their types and the day of dispatch. Sorting the goods according to the time of dispatch will help to drive the outbound process effectively. In addition, it will help in reducing the time being involved in dispatching the goods. The allocation of the items will be more effective and there will be less chance of error in dispatching due to the effective design of good circulation. Appointed personnel: Employees are one of the key factors in enhancing the effectiveness of the warehouse. This is due to the reason that, the more effective and trained will be the employees, the more will be their effectiveness in the job and thus, the operation in the warehouse will be more effective. Providing effective training and development skill to the employees will help to drive the operation in the warehouse efficiently. The damage caused in handling of the goods along with occurrence of the error in allocation of the goods will be less if the employees are being effectively trained On the other hand, selection and recruitment of the employees should be done in accordance of the warehouse recruitment. Selection of employees having experience in handing the operation in the warehouse will help to effectively drive the management in the warehouse. Explaining how the organizations can investigate logistics and warehouse providing The warehouse is a very important part for the organizations since the products that the organizations provide must be delivered to the customers from the warehouse itself and the warehouses has to be kept properly within the satisfactory measures for the customers (Richards, 2014). The organizations in the modern business environment mostly prefer to do their business in the online mode since it takes lesser time and the people are benefitted from this method. There are certain ways by which the organizations can manage their warehouses in a particular way and these ways have to be maintained properly(Faber, De KosterSmidts, (2013). This ways are to organize the ways of the warehouse, begin the process with receiving the right things at the right time, apply a certain logic to pick up the processes, reorganizing the things when they are needed, use the method of quality control, keeping the warehouses safe, maintain proper lighting in the areas, providing proper training to the staf fs, using the right software to do the things and make sure the delivery is done within the given time that would ensure a perfect customer service. Quality control Once the items to be delivered to the shipping warehouse, the products should be checked properly and verified before they are actually packed (Mitra, 2016). The same thing goes with the selected organization as well. If they do not maintain the quality control and the product is not delivered at the right time there will be certain serious consequences for it. Keeping the warehouse safe A safe environment has to be kept at the warehouses since it is extremely important to take are of the products in a proper way. The employees who work at the warehouse should be kept safe and their interests should be served properly as well (Waters and Rinsler 2014). The certain requirements have to be followed. Maintain proper lighting Proper lighting arrangements have to be made in the warehouses as well so that the shipped products cannot be damaged in the warehouse. Brighter lights would always motivate the employees to perform their job roles better. The employees should be properly trained as well. This would be very helpful since the employees will have to do the jobs. The employees will have to be cross-trained so that they can share the loads of work with other employees. Importance of logistics support Logistics is one of the most important things as the organizations need to send their products to the customers in a proper amount of time (Kim, An Choi, 2017). The integrated logistics support is one of the most important things for the organization to maintain. Proper logistics support is one of the most important parts of the supply chain management for the organizations. The organizations have to make partnerships with the best logistics support organizations so that they can provide the best services to the customers as the customers satisfaction is the first priority in these cases. The importance of logistics supply support is one very integral part in the case of the retailers and the wholesalers. These logistics support organizations can go beyond the inventory management and then transportation methods to include themselves in single point because it has become relatively one of the main factors in the organizational success (Fernie and Sparks 2014). The logistics concerns are one of the most relevant aspects of the business organizations since it involves many things in the process. The customers have to be delivered with their goods on time so that the brand reputation of the shipping organization will remain intact (Myerson, 2012). The business environment is changing relatively fast and new things are coming into practice and the medium and small companies have to understand the significance of these matters. The approval of the government has to be sought because the government the regulations on which roads are to be used and which are to be not. The logistics companies use the best and shortest routes to deliver the products to the customers. There are certain measurement aspects that are aligned with the logistics norms on how the organizations can innovate new strategies and investigate them into their own system (Myerson, 2012). These are energy restrictions, technological advancements and the transportation system of the country. The selected organization Sadacfo deals with the milk transportation around the country. As milk is a very important product for the people of all ages, it should be transported to its destinations within time and the logistics support organizations should be providing these fa cilities to the organizations. Discussing the management issues of running a warehouse The management of the organizations often faces certain challenges and issues when they deal with the warehouse for shifting their products to the customers within a standard time. Some of the challenges that have been faced in this aspect are going to be described here (Sainathuni et al., 2014) Redundant process The warehousing process needs the employees to handle the same products for several times and this tendency of the process leads to the dissatisfaction of the employees in a huge way. Redundant process can be seen in the warehouses when the workers have to pass the same ticket through several other employees. These redundant processes are very much time consuming and the works are delayed and it takes a longer time to deliver the goods to the shipping addresses. The barcode technology streamlines will help to find a solution for this problem. The resources are not utilized within a specified time limit and it creates grave problems for the organizations (Shahabi et al, 2013). Poor layout of the facilities One of the main success factors for running a warehouse to take the advantage of a proper space. Some of the common problems in this case are the insufficient storage space and inefficient use of the storage that is available. Thus the poor facility layout is one big problem for the organizations. The warehouses which are very poorly designed and not properly managed are big causes for worries for the organization management. The warehouses in which the storage space is properly designed must have a sufficient floor space and vertical space. When a good layout is designed for the organization, it is of maximum quality and the equipment and labor can be equally distributed among the labors of the warehouse. High labor costs Warehouse managers are often facing the troubles that are related with the productivity issues. The business environment in the warehouses is completely labor-intensive and the inventory management has to be properly handled in this context In the case of warehouse and inbound logistics operations for the company, almost 65% of the budget has to be kept aside for the same. Good warehouses very often employ a large workforce for their better performance and the equipments that are used are very expensive. This tends to discuss the fact the labor costs has to go up on a high since the organizations cannot compromise with the quality of the equipments (Beske 2012). There are many kinds of staffs within the warehouse management that ranges from cleaners, packers, administrative faculty and the senior managers. Insufficient inventory management is also a very serious problem for the warehouse management as well. When the people handling the inventory management are not efficient enough, troubles arrive for the organizations in great many ways (Seuring and Glodbach 2013). Determining factors for cost efficiency of the warehouse Various factors act as determining factor in influencing the cost effectiveness of the warehouse. The following section will discuss about the different factors. One of the key determining factors that influence in the cost effectiveness of the warehouse is the use of suitable shipping mediums. Shipping is one of the factors that incur the major portion of the cost for the warehouse (Bottani et al. 2015). Thus, the medium of shipping should be suitable and effective enough in order to regulate the cost as much as possible. The choice of effective shipping medium should be made in accordance to the requirement, geographical location, available mode of transportation and available time for the transportation. The more effective and efficient will be the mode of shipping, the less cost will be incurred by the warehouse. Involvement of the third party vendors in managing the warehouse or inducting outsourcing in the process of distribution network will help to reduce the cost of operation in the warehouse. This is due to the reason that, outsourced organizations are having more expertise in handling the operation in the warehouse. Moreover, the cost incurred by them is much less than that of the parent organizations (Winter and Knemeyer 2013). Thus, inducting the third party vendor will help to reduce the cost significantly. Labor or employee cost is another area where a sound portion of cost is being involved. In this case, the geographic location of the warehouse is one of the key determining factors. This is due to the reason that in several countries, the cost of employees is lesser compared to some other countries. Employee cost in majority of the developing nations is much less compared to the employee cost in the developed nations. Thus, the employee cost should be regulatedin order to enhance the cost effectiveness of the warehouse Discussion of the findings Warehouse is having different types based on their type of operation, ownership and utility. It is been seen that all types of warehouse is having their own advantages as well as disadvantages. Based on the requirement of the particular organizations requirement, the warehouse should be selected. It will help them in enhancing the outcome and productivity of the organization from their warehouse. However, it is been observed Sadacfo will opt for private type of warehouse. It will help them in handling their distribution and supply network effectively. In addition, it will help them regulate the price of the distribution network by their own. The initiation of the network of distribution and supply chain management will help them in providing their products to their customers in time and in more number of sales points. It will further ensure the seamless supply of their products in the market throughout the year. However, in the case of entering in the global market by Sadacfo, initiation of bonded warehouse will be beneficial for them. This is due to the reason that, bonded warehouse is being used for the storage of the imported items in the port. Moreover, these warehouses are being oversees by the custom bodies of the country. Thus, in the case of international business, they also have to initiate the bonded warehouse for the storage of their exporting items. In this case, the private warehouse will not be proved effective. Sadacfo have effectively implemented the various aspects of the warehouse design to enhance their inbound and outbound operations. The key product portfolio of them is the dairy products, which is perishable in nature and should be managed and stored accordingly. The warehouse of them should be designed in such way that the dairy products of them can be effectively and properly. The warehouse should be air conditioned in order to regulate the temperature. Regulation of the temperature will help them in storing the dairy products properly and extending the usability of products. In addition, the geographical location of the warehouse is also important for them due to the reason that, strategically located warehouse will help them in reducing the cost of the transportation. Strategic location of the warehouse will also help in reducing the time being involved in the inbound and outbound operation. Strategic location of the warehouse enables the organization in having the convenient access of seaports and other mode of transportation. Initiation of the technology in the operation of the warehouse will also help them in effectively manage the operation in the warehouse. The time consumption as well as the cost will get reduced due to the use of t echnology. Moreover, the management of the warehouse will also be effective with the use of technology. This is due to the reason that the communication channel will get enhanced between the managerial levels and the employees due to the initiation of the technologies. Thus, the overall effectiveness of the warehouse will get increased. Another determining factor for Sadacfo to enhance their efficiency in the warehouse is the training and skill development of the employees. Initiation of the training will help the employees in enhancing their effectiveness in the warehouse and it will eventually help the warehouse to effectively operate according to organizational policies. One of the key tools to reduce the cost involved in the management of warehouse is the involvement of the third party organizations. it will help Sadafco in concentrating more on their core activities rather than involving in supply and distribution network. Conclusion Thus, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that sadacfo is already having an effective mode of supply and distribution in their business process. However, few areshave been identified in this report, which need to be modified in order to enhance the effectiveness of the warehouse. This report has discussed about the types of warehouse and the type, which will be perfect and suitable for Sadacfofor their operation. Moreover, the different aspects that should be maintained by them in order to enhance the effectiveness of their warehouse are also been considered in this report. It is been concluded that, initiation of the above discussed factors will help them in enhancing the effectiveness of the supply and distribution network of them. Various tools to reduce the cost involved in the operating the warehouse for them. Measures such as involvement of the third party vendors, initiation of the effective and strategic location for the ware3house and effective choice of the shipping modes according to the requirement are some of the important tools that can help them in reducing the cost involved in their operation. Thus, it is been expected that, effectively following the recommendations being discussed in this report will help them in enhancing the effectiveness of their warehouse operation. Reference Ahi, P. and Searcy, C., 2013. A comparative literature analysis of definitions for green and sustainable supply chain management.Journal of Cleaner Production,52, pp.329-341. Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095965261300067X Ashby, A., Leat, M. and Hudson-Smith, M., 2012. Making connections: a review of supply chain management and sustainability literature.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(5), pp.497-516. Link: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/13598541211258573 Barney, J.B., 2012. Purchasing, supply chain management and sustained competitive advantage: The relevance of resource?based theory.Journal of supply chain management,48(2), pp.3-6. Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1745-493X.2012.03265.x/full Beske, P., 2012. Dynamic capabilities and sustainable supply chain management.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,42(4), pp.372-387. Link: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/09600031211231344 Best, R. 2012.Market-based management. Pearson Higher Ed. Link: https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?hl=enas_sdt=0%2C5q=Best%2C+R.+2012.+Market-based+management.+Pearson+Higher+Ed.btnG= Bottani, E., Montanari, R., Rinaldi, M. and Vignali, G., 2015. Intelligent algorithms for warehouse management. InIntelligent Techniques in Engineering Management(pp. 645-667). Springer International Publishing. Link: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-17906-3_25 Christopher, M., 2016.Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Link:https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=NIfQCwAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PT7dq=Christopher,+M.,+2016.+Logistics+%26+supply+chain+management.+Pearson+UK.ots=x225JtFjnwsig=RlGgGmsgr-x0rWEFm9ySCV4pLdY#v=onepageqf=false Faber, N., De Koster, M. B. M., and Smidts, A. 2013. Organizing warehouse management.International Journal of Operations Production Management,33(9), 1230-1256. Link: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/IJOPM-12-2011-0471 Fernie, J. and Sparks, L., 2014.Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan page publishers. Fredendall, L.D. and Hill, E., 2016.Basics of supply chain management. CRC Press. Link:https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=FOHLBQAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PP1dq=Fredendall,+L.D.+and+Hill,+E.,+2016.+Basics+of+supply+chain+management.+CRC+Press.ots=XfzKtiOKFZsig=aRfg2iQXvcBPTzxVVvwpbKPWnhI#v=onepageqf=false Gelb, A., Meyer, C. J., and Ramachandran, V. 2013. Does Poor Mean Cheap? A Comparative Look at Africa's Industrial Labor Costs. Link: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2267951 Griffis, S.E., Bell, J.E. and Closs, D.J., 2012. Metaheuristics in logistics and supply chain management.Journal of Business Logistics,33(2), pp.90-106. Hbner, A.H., Kuhn, H. and Sternbeck, M.G., 2013. Demand and supply chain planning in grocery retail: an operations planning framework.International Journal of Retail Distribution Management,41(7), pp.512-530. Link: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/IJRDM-05-2013-0104 Janvier-James, A.M., 2012. A new introduction to supply chains and supply chain management: Definitions and theories perspective.International Business Research,5(1), p.194. Link: https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ibr/article/view/13861 Kim, N. H., An, D., and Choi, J. H. 2017. Introduction. InPrognostics and Health Management of Engineering Systems(pp. 1-24). Springer International Publishing.

Kennedy Essays (1941 words) - Kennedy Family, Bouvier Family

Kennedy John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the 35th president of the United States. He was the youngest president ever to be elected, the first Roman Catholic president, and the first president to be born in the 20th century. Although, he didn't get the chance to live out his term and possible another one, he impacted the entire world. No other president was so popular, especially with the young people. John F. Kennedy was born May 29th, 1917, child of Joseph P. and Rose Kennedy. John had eight brothers and sisters: Joseph P. Jr. (1915), Rosemary (1918), Kathleen (1920), Eunice (1921), Patricia (1924), Robert F. (1925), Jean (1928) and Edward M. (1932). All of the children were born in Brookline, Massachusetts. They were all very competitive due to their parents. The only thing that was important to them was winning. John grew up in the nineteen twenties and thirties at his birth place of Brookline, Massachusetts. John had once stated, "life is unfair,"1 yet for him the statement was definitely not true. His childhood consisted of many things. Coming from a wealthy family let him have the freedom to do what most kids couldn't. That still didn't keep him from behaving like other kids. He and his brothers and sisters all participated in things such as sailboat races, tennis matches, or even just a simple game of touch football. All family members were always encouraged to get involved with government issues. Small talk wasn't allowed at the Kennedy dinner table2. They discussed world and national issues. The impact of these discussions wouldn't be seen until later. Joseph and Rose were trying to prepare their sons for public life and prepare their daughters for marriages to distinguished young men. In 1937, the Kennedy family moved to Great Britain so that John's father could become the American ambassador there for three years. John stayed in the United States for an education at Harvard University. John was a very good student at Harvard, yet he didn't make the high grades that his brother had. So, John joined two clubs and spent most of his time working on a newspaper published at Harvard, "Crimson"3. When he had finished his school term his father decided to let him tour Europe. When he was there he started to become interested in wars and politics, after noticing Hitler's actions. John went back there the following summer and saw how Hitler never gave up and continued to strengthen his army. He knew of the war that was soon coming. The United States had sided with Great Britain, so he knew he would have to go into the war. So, he went to enter the Air Corps, but was turned away because of his back problems. Instead he went for the position on naval officer and passes the health analysis. He was assigned to the intelligence division, he thought it was very boring. Shortly after Pearl Harbor was attacked, John was sent for motor torpedo (PT boat) training4. Officer Kennedy soon became Lieutenant Kennedy. In Tulagi, John was assigned to a dirty old looking boat that had already been through nine months of combat. John experienced his first real combat when his boat was attacked by a Japanese fighter plane. Only two men were injured that time. They continued to stay there until one night when a full size Japanese ship came full speed at Kennedy's boat. The boat was demolished and the Japanese thought that all of the men had been killed. All of the men were forced to swim to Plum Pudding Island , three and one half miles away, with Kennedy leading them. After his triumph he was promoted to Full Lieutenant and was awarded the Navy and Marine Corps Medal for saving his crew. He also received a Purple Heart for the severe back injury he suffered from the collision. After that, he took command of another PT boat and took part in many more missions. For John one particularly bad thing happened in this war, his brother died. Which impacted his life so greatly. The family had expected his brother Joe to run for public office. Now that he was gone, John was now the eldest son and it was now his responsibility. In 1946, he had the chance to run for Congress. Though he was still weak from his war injuries, he campaigned aggressively. He won that election that November, he was only 295. He served three terms as a Democratic Congressman, from 1947 until1953. In 1952 he ran for U.S. senate against

The English Culture essays

The English Culture essays What is it that defines a culture of a historical period? It can be the accumulation of the arts or advances in technology, science, music, teacher, the economy, war, or religion. It can also just be a simple change of view or beliefs in a group of people. These changes were clearly seen in England during the 17th century. The King's followers and Parliament began to dispute over the future government and religion of England. While these disputes were occurring, the common people, along with the upper class, argued over Catholicism, Puritanism, and the Anglican Church of England that, in turn, combine with the above, influenced society as well as marking it for this period. What and where did this theological movement come from? Many historians, such as G. E. Aylmer, believe that it was the Puritans, who didn't want to stem from the Anglican Church, who sparked the movement. They believed that they were in favor of higher education and moral theological training, but not of free speculation and expression if these led in unacceptable directions (Aylmer pg. 103.) During this time of social and political movement, it was the religious and strict puritans that developed and spread new philosophies. Most of the truly original ideas were produced by people in varying ways out of step with prevailing orthadoxies- Anglican, Puritan, royalist, and parliamentarian. New theories about the individual, the state, and society were in the fullest sense the product of their time, yet the produced as it were against the grain (Aylmer pg. 103.) Another movement that developed new ideas and speculation was the area of the sciences. The public events of 1640-1660 were tangential to the progress in mathematics, physics, mechanics, astronomy, optics, chemistry, anatomy, and physiology, which taken together have without exaggeration been called the Scientific Revolution, (Aylmer pg. 107.) ...

Types of Formatting for Academic Papers

Types of Formatting for Academic Papers Types of Formatting for Academic Papers Teachers commonly require academic papers to assess a student’s comprehension of a topic. Academic assessments often come in the form of research papers, which are defined as a person’s thoughts or perception of a topic based on thorough analysis. When writing an academic paper, be mindful of the following things. Common Types of Academic Papers Definition Papers Definition papers describe an idea from a factual perspective. These papers do not contain opinion or emotion. Although you may gather facts from different sources, the information is simply stated and supported. However, a definition paper can provide a good framework for persuasive, argumentative, or analytical papers. Argumentative Papers Argumentative papers present two sides of a scenario in one paper. Most good argumentative papers include in-text citations from different researchers and logical facts in support of both sides of the argument. Ultimately, these facts should conclude and culminate your analysis with the pros and cons of each side. The challenge in writing an argumentative paper is that while you are advocating for one side over the other, the way in which you present both arguments must remain neutral and factual. Persuasive Papers Persuasive papers choose a stance and provide logical arguments to defend that stance. Unlike argumentative papers, persuasive papers do not need to present ideas that support any opposing stance. It can also include more emotional and perspective-based opinions. Purpose of Academic Paper Formats When writing academic papers, the way you present your paper is crucial. Using the proper citing, referencing, and quoting of your sources allow for you to communicate your ideas in a manner that is shared by others in your field. Some of these formats include: Chicago Manual of Style The Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) is predominantly used in humanities, particularly literature, history, or the arts. Modern Language Association Style The Modern Language Association Style (MLA) is also popular with students of humanities. Artists, linguists, and theatre students have been using MLA for over 500 years. American Psychological Association Style The American Psychological Association Style (APA) is a set of rules and guidelines established by the American Psychological Association. This format is popular among students and practitioners of psychology, sociology, social work, and medicine. When working on your research paper, remember to pay extra attention to the way you format your source materials. Use the handouts that your teachers give you, or any online reference materials to ensure that all formatting is accurate. For expert advice in formatting your research paper, is here to help.

What is the burden of proof for civil case and a criminal case Assignment

What is the burden of proof for civil case and a criminal case - Assignment Example This is owing to the fact that the defendant stands to be jailed and lose other civil liberties in criminal cases. Owing to the penalties that are associated to criminal cases, the prosecution is charged with the duty of more than proving that the defendant committed the crime in question, it must be beyond reasonable doubt (Finkelman, 2006). In other words, the evidence presented against an individual should be adequate that no rational person can question their guilt. In addition to proving the guilt of the accused, the prosecution is required to prove that there was intention to commit the crime. In instances where the prosecution does not satisfy both requirements, the accused cannot be convicted. When dealing with a criminal case the burden of proof is on the state at all instances. It is upon the state to prove the defendant’s guilt. On the other hand, the defendant is viewed to be innocent and has nothing to prove (Finkelman, 2006). However, there are exceptions in instances where the defendant is under duress or self-defense and instances of insanity. Furthermore, the state should establish that the defendant satisfied every stipulation in the appropriate definition of crime. In spite of the fact that the concept is mostly linked to criminal litigation, it is applicable to civil litigation that relates to personal injuries, contracts and property issues. The plaintiff is required to have sufficient evidence to back their accusations while on the contrary the defendant must prove these accusations to be wrong. In civil cases, the burden of proof is originally on the plaintiff. However, there are various technical cases whereby the burden of proof is tranferred to the defendant. For example, in situations where the plaintiff has filed for a prima facie case, the burden of proof is tranferred to the defendant (Finkelman, 2006). In civil cases, the plaintiff wins if

Research paper on recent mnc acquisition Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

On recent mnc acquisition - Research Paper Example The annual sales of Alcon in 2009 was above USD 6.6 million and its operating profit stood over USD 2.2 billion while net income was over USD 1.99 billion. The acquisition of the Alcon will give Novartis the opportunity to expand its portfolio in the eye care segment where there is a latent potential for growth due to aging population and globalisation of emerging markets. The combined portfolio of Alcon and Novartis can now tackle a broad range of untapped demands in this segment. The most important thing to note about the success of this acquisition is the complementary pharmaceutical portfolios of these two companies that filled the gaps between the back and frontal eye. It also has the chance to gain leverage form its strong global brands in eye lens. Financial impact In April 2008, Novartis and Nestle entered into agreement for Nestle’s sale of 77% stake in Alcon. It was divided in two stages – stage one required Novartis acquiring 77% majority stake in Alcon from Nestle by paying $168 per share taking the deal to $ 38.7 billion. In this stage Novartis acquired 25% stake in Alcon for $ 10.5 billion. In the second stage, Novartis acquired remaining 52% stake from Nestle for $ 28.4 billion. The majority stake cost Novartis $ 38.69 billion that includes adjustments for interest and dividend. The initial 25% stake was financed by $ 17 billion in cash and $ 13.5 billion was financed by bonds. Remaining $ 8.19 billion was financed by US commercial papers. The weighted average external financing cost stood at 2.5% per year as on March 2010. With 77% stake in the majority ownership of Alcon, it will consolidate Alcon’s financial statement into Novartis’ financial reporting. Preliminary assessment shows that initial 25 % stake in Alcon need to be re-valued to its fair value. Such revaluation will result in $ 200 million gain for Alcon. The additional amortization before tax of intangible assets stood at $ 2.2 billion per year. The four m onth analysis of balance sheet of Alcon in 2010 till April estimates Alcon’s value at $ 200 million including increased inventory. Over the next three years after acquisition, the onetime cost to achieve a synergy of approximately USD 199 million is expected to be around $ 139 million including transaction and other charges. Accounting Requirements for Business Combination Accounting requirements for combination of business requires parent entity to prepare a consolidated financial statement that includes the report of all subsidiaries. However, this does not mean that the subsidiaries are excluded from presenting consolidated reports. All items must be accounted for at fair value including investments. In case of shared power as in case of joint ventures, the consent of all parties will be required. For acquisitions, it is extremely important for the acquirer to determine the timing and the nature of acquisition. The profits and losses as a result of intra-firm transactions between Novartis and Alcon including treatment of fixed assets and inventories must be eliminated. The accounting for contingent asset or liabilities and subsequent adjustment at fair value is also one of the challenging aspects in case of business combinations. Other factors to care of during business combination include pre-acquisition contingencies treatment, interaction of accounting standards between the acquirer and the acquired, treatment of intangible assets (including goodwill), treatment of risk management, proper disclosures under accounting policies, treatment of

Long Live The Infoperneur Essay Example for Free

Long Live The Infoperneur Essay In the wildly popular 1960’s American television series Star Trek, Captain James T. Kirk would often turn to his engineer, Officer ‘Scotty’ Montgomery and direct him to take the spaceship into a fascinating new realm called ‘warp speed’. With commanding confidence he would turn to Scotty and say â€Å"Warp speed ahead†. â€Å"Aye Aye Captain† the Scottish officer would reply, at which point millions of ‘Trekie’ fans around the world would simply gasp with unparalleled excitement as the international crew was suddenly thrown back against their seats, as the spacecraft instantly hurled itself at an unprecedented speed through an unknown galaxy. Over just the last few years, we have witnessed a moment when art in a sense, has shown itself to imitate life, as tomorrow’s future has been rapidly hurled into the lap of our present; so to speak. The entrepreneurial spirit of old has been overtaken by a new spirit of innovative ‘inforperneural’ dynamism. At the very same time the â€Å"technology of yesterday†, as the Black Eye Pea’s will. i. am says, has been replaced by the â€Å"technology of tomorrow† (Huffington, 2008). The actual technology favoring this dynamic â€Å"exponential growth in the rate of exponential growth† (Williams 2008) has been casually lounging on the desktops of tech savvy innovators for years now. However, over just the last few years we have seen how the motive forces of Globalism have actually worked to push this insipient new reality into the forefront of technological advance. In just the past year alone, the exponential growth of social networking and SMS technology with websites like Twitter, Delicious, Digg, and a host of others, which have seen an amazing growth in popularity, has simply leveled the playing field between the mulit-national corporation and the individual; in the delivery of news and information. For the first time, in a large way the internet, has trumped the corporate media in determining just what the content of the new 24 hour news cycle should contain. Often throughout this process of evolution we have seen independent internet news sites that have gathered first hand information well before the networks were ever aware its existence. Then, all of a sudden, there emerged a whole new group of independent reporters; information consultants if you will: â€Å"[The] [T]echie-types †¦ began to discover the power of the power of the Internet to amplify a single voice †¦ suddenly [they] gave this voice substance †¦ authority †¦ reach †¦ and influence like never before. In fact †¦ we have witnessed the rise of a whole new class of video journalists †¦ armed only with mobile phones †¦ who are changing the way we see the world †¦ from the violence in Tibet †¦ to gaffs on the [American] campaign trail †¦ Seemingly overnight †¦ [BBC] †¦ CNN †¦ Fox News and others †¦ have hundreds †¦ if not thousands †¦ of would-be colleagues and competitors across the globe. † (Sansalone, 2008) Completely independent of political tradition, it has suddenly become the internet that has often had the last word. The Beijing Olympics and the Presidential campaign overseas can now be seen as significant milestones that have helped to bridge the gap from the old to the new. Gone is the old school entrepreneur, pushing their way into the forefront of innovation, begging for a seat at table, the Infoperneur had come of age. If ever there was a time when you were not quite sure that you were actually living in The Information Age, today there should be little doubt in your mind. Make no mistake about it; this is the mega high-speed information world that they were telling us about. Thirty eight years after anthropologist Alvin Toffler prophesized the rapid insurgency of what was ultimately to become, a kind of post / super-industrial world, that was sure to leave most Western nations disconnected and suffering from a kind of â€Å"shattering stress and disorientation†, namely from something he called â€Å"future shock†, his vision of the world is now somewhat front and center and once again on full blast (Toffler, 1970). Toffler feared that we would not be able to adapt to the enormous mega-trends that were coming in the wake of an entirely New Age. He seemed to think that we would all somehow break down under the pressure of a kind of dystopian totalitarian rule, just like the characters in the James McTeigue political thriller V for Vendetta. Unable to reconcile the fascinating pace of the New Age, while we all wandered about Westminster Abbey in a daze, shuttering simply at the thought of having those dammed black bags thrown over our faces if we did not behave as the government wanted us to; this was a world that he believed was rapidly coming towards us. It was to present us with far too many choices than the average individual or family could ever withstand. Although he may have missed the mark a little on just how well the West would adapt, one thing is sure to have a potentially damaging effect upon us in the not too distant future. The foods that we are now consuming are not as fresh as they were back when Toffler wrote Future Shock nearly forty years ago. As a consequence, at some point, with the ever-increasing corporatization of the British diet, and with food standards growing more and more lax everyday, we are sure to pay a heavy price. Perhaps the time is at hand when the masses will seek out qualified ‘Infoperneurs’ online to help provide them with the knowledge of how to maintain a healthy diet; while living in an increasingly unhealthy environment. Nevertheless, Toffler was aware way back then that computers would have an enormous, if not ubiquitous impact upon shaping all of our lives. Even as he watched these trends develop, still he maintained an uncanny awareness that we had only touched upon what was the tip of a nearly unfathomable iceberg, â€Å"We have scarcely touche the computer revolu-tion and the far-ramifying changes that must follow churning in its wake† (Toffler, 1970). It is almost impossible to believe that anyone would have thought way back then that the number one currency for more than one billion people currently wired to the internet everyday, would simply be ‘information’. Twelve years after Toffler, another futurist published a book called Mega-Trends. This book by John Naisbitt remained on the Best Seller list for more than two years. Naisbitt was able to point his vision sharply into the future, and what he saw was a world of great transformation. He displayed a far greater sense than Toffler that the Western world would not only be able to weather the winds of change; but that we would for the most part welcome and embrace them. In 1982, Naisbitt predicted Ten Mega-Trends that he saw looming on the horizon. You tell me just how accurate he was. 1) He believed that we were becoming an information society after having been largely an industrial one. Looking at where we are today, it’s hard to believe that anybody could dispute that. 2) He believed that we were moving from technology being forced into use, to technology being pulled into use where it is appealing to people. Back then one could only imagine that the burden of having to use a computer at all was indeed challenging to some people; as I am sure it still is today. 3) Nesbitt predicted that globalization was quickly coming upon the horizon more than ten years before the word even came in vogue. He believed in 1982, that nations would evolve from predominantly national economies into a global marketplace. All of these changes would indeed develop shortly thereafter, and we must remember still, that this was relatively a short time ago. 4) He believed that we would move from short term to long term perspectives, and 5) from centralization in business and governance to decentralization. 6) Now this is where Nesbit predicted the emergence of Infopreneurship. He believed back then, that we would move away from getting help through institutions like government to self-help; and actually, 7) From representative to participative democracies. 8) Nesbit said that we would move from hierarchies to networking. He obviously saw the enormous trend towards social networking long before anyone seems to have thought about its full potential. 9) He said that our biases would dissipate. 10) Lastly, he predicted that we would evolve from seeing things as â€Å"either / or† to having a variety of choices. Now, who would have thought as much? The decade of the eighties would become a rich fertile ground for the emergence of a new intrapreneural boom that would begin to take shape by the mid 1990’s. However, the roots of many of the trends that both Toffler and Naisbitt wrote about actually began to take shape during the waning years of the Cold War. As Japan quietly began to re-emerge as a burgeoning economic powerhouse coming back upon the world scene more than 35years ago, they would carry with them a model of workplace innovation. It was common back then for Americans to comment that the Cold War was indeed over, and that it was actually the Japanese who had won it. In 1980, one out of every four cars in the U. S. market was Japanese. Japan started making better and cheaper cars than their American counterparts. They broke the back of the great American export leviathan and suddenly American businesses were forced to take a long hard look eastward at Japan. The world would take notice. This was to become an era that would give rise to a new emphasis upon developing a spirit of creative innovation within the workplace. Intrapreneurship was all of a sudden being greatly encouraged in the workplace. Gone was the marshal attitude of strict unquestionable control. The creative spirit was let loose to the point that a man named Art Fry at the 3M Company could gain inspiration from a co-worker, who invented an adhesive, yet could not find a thing to do with it. Fry had an epiphany after noticing that the book marks kept falling out of his church hymnals during choir practice. Lo and behold, Post-its stickers were born (Business Strategy 1988). During the same year that John Naisbitt was predicting the trends of the future, Norman Macrae was also speculating upon corporations discovering stimulating ways to develop creative ‘intrapreneurs’ within their firms. He believed that intrapreneural competition should be aggressively encouraged. Suddenly, in the face of declining sales in manufacturing, automobiles and electronics, due to the great efficiently of the burgeoning Japanese market (Japan is now the second largest economy in the world); other Western nations began to loosen their ties in the workplace. It was during that period as well that Gifford and Elizabeth Pinchot would first begin to coin the term ‘intra-peneur. ’ Together they wrote passionately about the workplace and their concept of the emerging future of Infopreneurship would become a prominent aspect of the lexicon of their work for years to come. [â€Å"We will begin facing the challenges caused by expanding technological power and growing population when we change what we are striving for. We need a new definition of success† (Pinchot, 1995)]. Together they took pains to give full credit for their ideas to the earlier work of Norman Macrae. In 1985 after developing their methods in Sweden, they actually started a school for Intrapreneurship. One year later, John Naisbitt was speaking of Intrapreneurship and a means for American firms to find new markets. The development of the Macintosh computer was described by Steve Jobs as an ‘intrapreneural’ venture. India would also re-emerge upon the world stage over just the last decade and a half largely as a result of their embrace of the concept of intrapreneurship. Later, in 1990, Rosabeth Moss Kanter of Harvard Business School spoke of ‘intrapreneurship’ in her book â€Å"When Giants Learn to Dance. â€Å" [â€Å"†¦. coaching to stimulate and guide the creation of new ventures from within. These strategies [that] [come] from the core of the post-entrepreneurial take entrepreneurial to the next step. †] (Kanter, 1990) While the concept of intrapreneurship was helping to develop the leaders of the near future internet technology boom in Silicon Valley; this would become yet another golden age of entrepreneurialship around the world. Within a relatively short period of time, Desktop Publishing had come into its own. In time, the home office, tele-commuting, Fed X Kinko’s Business Services, and private mailboxes would help to transform the face of small businesses all across the globe; making it more cost effective for ambitious individuals to strike out on their own as independent entrepreneurs. This era of innovation and enterprise roughly from the mid 1980’s to the turn of the New Century, would in turn help to plant the fertile seedlings for the Inforperneural Age of today. However first, the foundation of one great industry would appear on its way to becoming unhinged. While governments act to bail out banks during the economic downturn, and public sector funds are siphoned away from the till for the 2012 Olympics, Google is reporting a more than 25% third quarter jump in profit. Why, because the average Brit now gets their news at least three times a day from the internet. Those who are now taking advantage of the Web 2. 0 infrastructure, even while Web 3. 0 is on the launching pad, have become the new Infoperneurs. One might easily doubt that it could have been foreseen that the internet would actually force the worldwide restructuring of the newspaper industry. Job cuts are now being reported at the Cambridge News and The Independent, and overseas in just the last few years, a number of the most popular newspapers have been forced to cut their staffs, and many have eliminated whole sections from their papers altogether. In the wake of massive job cuts, the New York Times recently announced that its circulation was down 3. 9%. If that was not bad enough, on the heels of a deepening economic recession its advertising market has recently reported precipitous decline. Many other newspapers throughout the world are currently in the midst of perilous financial times. (The Economist, September 20, 2008) In March of this year the Newspaper Association of America admitted that the decline of newspapers across the country was actually happening more rapidly than it had been previously reported. At the same time online revenues for some papers were beginning to skyrocket. Total print revenues plummeted in 2007 down 9. 4% to $42 billion compared to the previous year. This reflects the single biggest drop in revenue since the year 1950, when the organization first started tracking quarterly revenue (Riley 2008). At the same time, we discover that: â€Å"Online [ traffic] [offered] some solace for the dead-tree business, with internet ad revenue growing 18. 8% to $3. 2 billion compared to 2006, but a rate significantly lower than the 31. 4% growth the year before, and not even close to replacing the losses from print. Online revenue now represents 7. 5% of total newspaper ad revenues† (Riley 2008). What is actually hidden behind the numbers is a totally new reality in the way that we view our world. The internet is now the single greatest marketplace for information. It is where people go the plug into any thought, concept, or idea that they may wish to learn more about. They press a button, and ‘poof’ there it is! Someone has to do all that research, post and retrieve all of those articles, and simply broker the non-stop flow of billions and billions of tiny little bits of information traveling across a seemingly endless world wide web. Gone are the days when a trusted source is a viable information consultant simply because he has graying hair (notice I said he! ) and sits behind a large oak desk. The internet is history’s greatest experiment in democratization; and that became evermore evident during the previous year than ever before. Recently, Google came out with a new browser named Chrome, which acts in direct competition with Microsoft’s internet browser, allowing for more individual manipulation and input of what amounts to an open source operating system (The Economist, September 6, 2008). The Universe is starting to bend towards individual will more and more each and everyday. No, the entrepreneur is not dead, nor will that great spirit of British ingenuity and drive ever disappear upon this planet as long as this nation survives. It is something that has always been ingrained within the spirit of the U. K. We could have never survived for so many centuries without it. Infoperneurs are just the latest breed of pioneers that’s all. They are not suffering during this economic downturn; you can believe that! They provide an invaluable service, because they are able to make use of the databases that make up the internet, as a way to actually leverage information by surveying and manipulating it in order to repackage and deliver it tailor-made towards the specificity of a variety of clients and or situations (Bouchard, 2000). This is what they do. It is the wave of the future. As the internet grows, the job of an Infoperneur promises to become evermore valuable; and oddly enough they will not even have to walk beyond their front door. Bibliography Author (s) Journal of Business Strategy (1988) Lessons From a Successful Intrapreneur: An Interview With Post-it Notes Inventor Art Fry:. MCB UP Ltd. Volume 9: Issue 2 Page: 20-24. Retrieved from: http://www. emeraldinsight. com/10. 1108/eb039208 Du Toit, Adeline (2000). Teaching Infopreneurship: Students’ Perspectives. Aslib Proceedings. Bradford: Feb 2000, vol. 52, Issue 2; pp. 83-91. The Economist. (September 20, 2008) Slim Hopes: Newspapers in America. A Billionaire Makes A Surprising Investment In the New York Times. Volume 388 Number 8598 78-79 The Economist. (September 6, 2008) Google’s New Web browser: The Second Browser War: Google’s New Web Browser is its most direct attack on Microsoft yet. Volume 388 Number 8596 72-73

The Obesity Epidemic Essay -- Obesity in America

In 1990, obese adults made up less than 15 percent of the population in most U.S. states. By 2010, 36 states had obesity rates of 25 percent or higher, and 12 of those had obesity rates of 30 percent or higher. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015) Even more alarming, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents is on the rise, and youth are becoming overweight and obese at earlier ages. One out of six children and adolescents ages 2 to 19 are obese and one out of three are overweight or obese. (Ogden, 2012) This essay looks at the question of what are the main causes of obesity and what steps the school system can take to assist in the reduction of childhood obesity. While childhood obesity has been increasing, the school system continues to struggle with what exactly their role is in the fight against this epidemic. With these rising concerns from not only the parents, but also the government, our school system has now placed important emphasis on physical fitness and offering children a physical education program that will not only reduce the childhood obesity rate here in America, but also increase the child’s academic skill levels through motivation and exercise. While the school system is offering this physical education to the children, the need for educators to be equipped with the educational knowledge base to offer the children is a subject of great concern. Many teachers today lack the education themselves to properly instruct children within the physical education classroom and there for need to acquire additional edification themselves. The demand for superior physical education at the basic levels of education is extremely vit al as research has shown that there is a relati... ...or Physical Education. In Dynamic Physical Education For Elementary School Children (pp. 1-19). San Francisco, CA: Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Benjamin Cummings. Tinning, R. (1990). Chapter 1Physical education, curriculum, and culture:Physical Activity and knowledge. In D. Kirk (Ed.), Physical Education, Curriculum And Culture: Critical Issues In The Contemporary Crisis (pp. 1-18). doi: ISBN 1-85000-674-1 Wall, S., Rudisill, M., Goodway, J., & Parish, L. (2004). A comparison of three movement settings on the development of fundamental motor skills in young children. [Supplemental material]. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 26(S194.). Wong, A. K., & Chueng, S. (2010). Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Test of Gross Motor Development-2. Measurement in Physical Education & Exercise Science, 14(3), 202-209. doi: 10.1080/10913671003726968

Hunger Artist

Franz Kafka’s â€Å"A Hunger Artist† was written in 1922. The short story is about a man who uses fasting (a form of art) as a sense of fulfillment to himself. The foods of life, were not to his liking. Furthermore, his form of fulfillment was the sight-seeing and interaction with the fans. Fans were amazed by him. His ability to starve himself inside a â€Å"†¦small barred cage†(Kafka 9) was intriguing to most; everybody wanted to see him at least once a day. The time and place of the short story is unidentified.The process of the fast would usually last up until the forty day mark. The Hunger Artist is a man who starves himself, not because he couldn’t eat; it was because he craved the attention as seen in his last moments of life, when he tells a fan â€Å"I couldn’t find the food I liked† (Kafka P. 9) meaning he couldn’t attain the satisfaction from his audience. As a reader we sense a form of confusion or darkness when readin g the text. This form of satisfaction is far from bizarre.I would say, it is safe to say that each person has a personal interest that we like to do that one may find weird. Although it may be bizarre to some people. Most people came to see the Hunger Artist; â€Å"At one time the whole town took a lively interest in the hunger artist; from day to day of his fast, the excitement mounted; everybody wanted to see him at least once a day†(Kafta 5-7). We live in a society, where â€Å"weird† sparks great interest. This was the Hunger Artists form of satisfaction, he was a attention fiend, he was fueled by the masses of people coming out to see him.We can relate this to a toddler and his older siblings. When a child does something that causes a positive reaction or response by another person (usually someone older) they tend to insist on doing it again. Why? because physcologically, the toddler feeds from this attention, very similar to the Artist. The masses of people were amazed at the Hunger Artist. His one of a kind ability, amazed children â€Å"[The] children stood open mouthed†(Kafka 14).People would come in anticipation to see this bizarre figure labeled as the â€Å"Hunger Artist. † His â€Å"palid [body] in black tights, with his ribs sticking out â€Å"(Kafta 16) were one of the many reasons why people would come with the family as a whole, to see this form of ‘entertainment’, if you will. Eventually, people who came to see the Artist in his fast, started to find this matter impossible. Fans took it so far that they felt a sense of obligation to see if the Hunger Artist was cheating or if this display was factual.Theâ€Å"watchers who sat up to the bars, [were] the ones not content with with the dim night lighting of the hall†¦they focused on him in full glare of the electric pocket torch given them by the impresario†(Kafka 47-49). We can relate this to a magician, people usually tend to see what the magician is doing to fool the spectator, but usually the spectator wont find out what the magician is doing to fool the overseer. In exchange the magician would feed off this attention and continue in his expertise, similar to the Hunger Artists’ fasting.As time went on, like most things, the Hunger Artist lost his touch and people were loosing interest in the Hunger Artist. This lack of interest came about so suddenly. For meanwhile the aforementioned change in public interest [was] set in; it seemed to happen almost overnight†¦at any rate the pampered hunger artist suddenly found himself deserted one fine day by the amusement seekers who went streaming past him to other more-favored attractions;†¦(Kafta 17-20) The fans easily forgout about the enduring Hunger Artist, and for that, he had to settle for a new location.He had to go to a circus where conditions were even harsher and people were not recognizing him anymore. No one recognized him anymore and all that h e worked for was flushed down the drain. The artist was placed in the most isolated area of the circus in the dark, opposed to the heavenly light where he once was before he relocated to the circus. Suprisingly, one day an overseer who use to see the Hunger Artist in his prime passed by. He took a peek at the cage, out of curiousity, he recognized the Hunger Artist.The Artist felt a sense of guilt that he let down the fans and his reation to the overseer was â€Å"Forgive me everybody†(Page 276). As words were exchanged between the Hunger Artist and the â€Å"overseer†, it led to the explanation of why the Hunger Artist doesn’t cherish the so called â€Å"foods of life and tended to always fast for his sense of satisfaction from the attention. If I had found [the food I liked], believe me, I should have made no fuss and stuffed myself like your or anyone else.These were his last words, but in his dimming eyes there remained the firm though no longer proud persu asion that he was still continuing to fast;†¦(Kafta 10-14). We can say the Hunger Artist only wanted the fan’s attention and he admires the appreciation of Others. The foods of life weren’t enough for him because the fan’s presense were his â€Å"nutrition†. One may question, â€Å"Why is the Hunger Artist this way? What may his childhood be like? Was he deprieved of attention as a kid?I find it quite ironic that in the last moments of the Hunger Artists life, he is last seen with an overseer. The overseer was shocked to see him and still thought he was crazy now, just like he thought he was crazy when he used to see him in his prime. This craziness is what dragged the masses in his prime to come see him in his during his time of ‘shine’ But now, that craziness has become a flaw and no one cared about him anymore. The attention he once craved has deminished.It is quite ironic that the author does this. It’s like the Kafta wants t he audience to know that in the end, even though the Hunger Artist has led to many overseers to label him as â€Å"crazy† he will still be remembered and has gained the respect of many. In the end, the Hunger Artist comes to his downfall and dies. They bury him with hay straws and he is left with what he arrived with once he was placed in the circus. It’s like the clock was ticking until his death call arrived and was replaced by a youthful black panther.Some people will never be understood in society. Some do amazing things and others do unsual things. In all honesty the Hunger Artist wasn’t looked at for his amazement. He was looked upon as unusual, but the Hunger Artist fed off this attention. People just love to be curious espically to unusual things, we like to judge people and he was judged to be crazy. All in all, it is safe to say that in us all, we seek attention, some more than others, and the Hunger Artist wanted just that. He was a attention fiend.

Bubonic Plague

I. Thesis Statement:The symptoms of the bubonic plague spread rapidly causing outbreaks and identifying the need for modern science to deal with epidemics. II. Topic Sentence: The bubonic plague or otherwise known as the black plague spread extremely fast and there were many symptoms of the disease. A. There are many initial symptoms and symptoms before death of the black plague. â€Å"The Bubonic Plague† E medicine. 24 December 2004. http://www. emedicine. com/emerg/topic428. htm , Velendzas, Demetres 1. Many initial symptoms were swollen lymph nodes, delirium, high fever, sore throat, cough, constipation, and shortness of breath. The Bubonic Plague† E medicine. 24 December 2004. http://www. emedicine. com/emerg/topic428. htm , Velendzas, Demetres 2. The symptoms before death are seizures, vomiting, chills, malaise, abdominal pain, weakness, and red spots that turn black. â€Å"The Bubonic Plague† E medicine. 24 December 2004. http://www. emedicine. com/emerg/top ic428. htm , Velendzas, Demetres B. The plague was spread by both humans and animals. â€Å"The Black Plague† The Middle Ages. 1998, Oxford New York. Oxford University Press (Hanawalt 128) 1. The plague was spread in a pneumonic form that was passed from person to person by sneezing, coughing, or talking. The Black Plague† The Middle Ages. 1998, Oxford New York. Oxford University Press (Hanawalt 128). 2. An infected rat would be bitten be a household tick that would later bite a human who would then pass it on in the pneumonic form. III. Topic Sentence: In the fourteenth century there were very few ways to control the outbreaks. A. When the plague began the ships that went to the black sea to trade with Chinese merchants were the first Europeans to get the black sea. â€Å"The Black Death: Bubonic Plague† The Middle Ages. 2006 http://www. themiddleages. net/life/blackdeath. html. Culatta, Richard 1. China was one of the world’s busiest nations and it was a matter of years before Europe and the rest of Asia caught it. â€Å"The Black Death: Bubonic Plague† The Middle Ages. 2006 http://www. themiddleages. net/life/blackdeath. html. Culatta, Richard 2. When the European merchants docked in Italy the crew was already dying of the plague within a few days the plague spread throughout the countryside. â€Å"The Black Death: Bubonic Plague† The Middle Ages. 2006 http://www. themiddleages. net/life/blackdeath. html. Culatta, Richard B. In the fourteen century people did not know how to deal with outbreaks. . When a person became infected with the Bubonic Plague the doctors tried aromatic woods, special diets, courses of bleeding, new postures for sleeping, and the rich had medicines made from gold and pearls, they fled, or prayed. â€Å"The Black Death: Bubonic Plague† The Middle Ages. 2006 http://www. themiddleages. net/life/blackdeath. html. Culatta, Richar d 2. Families of the sick rejected them or took them to the nuns and friars who tried to care for the sick but soon they too got sick. â€Å"The Black Death: Bubonic Plague† The Middle Ages. 2006 http://www. themiddleages. net/life/blackdeath. html. Culatta, Richard IV. Topic Sentence: Today scientists have new treatments and tests to deal with outbreaks of the plague. A. There are several new ways to deal with infected people. 1. When a person is diagnosed with being infected the hospital puts them in an isolation chamber and they burn all their clothes and belongings. â€Å"The Bubonic Plague† E medicine. 24 December 2004. http://www. emedicine. com/emerg/topic428. htm , Velendzas, Demetres 2. Then they consult an infectious disease specialist who decides what to do with the infected individual. The Bubonic Plague† E medicine. 24 December 2004. http://www. emedicine. com/emerg/topic428. htm , Velendzas, Demetres B. The tests that they perform are extensive and grueling on the patient in isolation. â€Å"The Bubonic Plague† E medicine. 24 December 2004. http://www. emedicine. com/emerg/topic428. htm , Velendzas, Demetres 1. They perform a chest radiograph, antibody titer, and an F1 antigen diagnostic test. à ¢â‚¬Å"The Bubonic Plague† E medicine. 24 December 2004. http://www. emedicine. com/emerg/topic428. htm , Velendzas, Demetres 2. The doctors also perform an empiric antibiotic coverage, crystalloid administration, and nemodynamic monitoring. â€Å"The Bubonic Plague† E medicine. 24 December 2004. http://www. emedicine. com/emerg/topic428. htm , Velendzas, Demetres V. The Bubonic Plague is a still ongoing problem that has many symptoms and on going outbreaks and the need for science is still needed. Works Cited â€Å"The Bubonic Plague† E medicine. 24 December 2004. , Velendzas, Demetres Culatta, Richard. â€Å"The Black Death: Bubonic Plague† The Middle Ages. 2006 . â€Å"The Black Plague† The Middle Ages. 1998, Oxford New York. Oxford University Press (Hanawalt 128).

Here Are Six Tips for Reporters Covering Press Conferences

Here Are Six Tips for Reporters Covering Press Conferences Spend more than five minutes in the news business and youll be asked to cover a press conference. Theyre a regular occurrence in the life of any reporter, so you need to be able to cover them - and cover them well. But for the beginner, a press conference can be tough to cover. Press conferences tend to move quickly and often dont last very long, so you may have very little time to get the information you need. Another challenge for the beginning reporter is figuring out the lede of a press conference story. So here are six tips for covering press conferences. 1. Come Armed with Questions As we said, press conferences move quickly, so youll need to have your questions ready ahead of time. Arrive with some questions already prepared. And really listen to the answers. 2. Ask Your Best Questions Once the speaker starts taking questions, its often a free-for-all, with multiple reporters shouting out their queries. You may only get one or two of your questions into the mix, so pick your best ones and ask those. And be ready to ask tough follow-up questions. 3. Be Aggressive If Necessary Any time you get a bunch of reporters in one room, all asking questions at the same time, its bound to be a crazy scene. And reporters are by their nature competitive people. So when you go to a press conference, be prepared to be a bit pushy in order to get your questions answered. Shout if you need to. Push your way to the front of the room if you must. Above all, remember - only the strong survive at a press conference. 4. Forget the PR Speak - Focus On the News Corporations, politicians, sports teams and celebrities often try to use press conferences as public relations tools. In other words, they want reporters to put the most positive spin possible on whats being said at the press conference. But its the reporters job to ignore the PR talk and get to the truth of the matter. So if the CEO announces that his company has just suffered its worst losses ever, but in the next breath says he thinks the future is bright, forget about the bright future - the real news is the huge losses, not the PR sugarcoating. 5. Press the Speaker Dont let the speaker at a press conference get away with making broad generalizations that arent supported by facts. Question the basis for the statements they make, and get specifics. For instance, if the mayor of your town announces he plans to cut taxes while at the same time increasing municipal services, your first question should be: how can the town provide more services with less revenue? Likewise, if that CEO whose company has just lost billions says hes upbeat about the future, ask him why - how can he expect that things will get better when the company is clearly in trouble? Again, get him to be specific. 6. Dont Be Intimidated Whether youre covering a press conference with the mayor, the governor or the president, dont let yourself be intimidated by their power or stature. Thats what they want. Once youre intimidated, youll stop asking tough questions, and remember, its your job to ask tough questions of the most powerful people in our society.

60 Words for Types of Restaurants

60 Words for Types of Restaurants 60 Words for Types of Restaurants 60 Words for Types of Restaurants By Mark Nichol This post lists dozens of words, many adopted from foreign languages that describe a specific type of restaurant. (Restaurant itself stems from a Latin verb meaning â€Å"restore.†) 1. bar: an establishment where liquor and sometimes food are served 2. bar and grill: an establishment that features a bar but also serves food 3. barroom: see bar 4. beanery: slang for an informal restaurant 5. bistro (French, â€Å"proprietor of a tavern†): a small, informal restaurant, bar, or nightclub 6. boà ®te (French, â€Å"box†): see nightclub 7. brasserie (French, â€Å"brewery†): an informal restaurant, often one serving French food 8. buffet (French, â€Å"counter†): a self-serve restaurant; also, in British English, a small informal restaurant at a railway station 9. cabaret (French; ultimately from Latin camera, â€Å"chamber†): a restaurant that serves liquor and features live entertainment; also, the entertainment at such an establishment 10. cafà © (French, â€Å"coffee†): a small, informal restaurant 11. cafeteria (American Spanish, â€Å"coffeehouse†): see luncheonette; also, an informal, self-serve restaurant 12. caff (British English slang for cafà ©): see cafà © 13. canteen: a snack bar or small cafeteria; also, a bar or store at a military post, an informal social club, a flask for carrying liquids, or a chest for carrying or storing bottles or utensils 14. chophouse: slang for restaurant 15. coffee shop: a small, informal restaurant 16. coffee room: see coffeehouse 17. coffeehouse: an informal establishment that serves coffee and often refreshments 18. delicatessen (German, â€Å"delicacy†): an establishment where already-prepared food is sold and sometimes served; often abbreviated to deli 19. diner: an informal restaurant, originally one resembling a dining car on a train 20. drive-in: a restaurant, usually one serving fast food, that serves food ready to eat in one’s parked car or packaged to take home 21. eatery: see luncheonette 22. eating house: an informal restaurant, often one serving inexpensive and/or mediocre food 23. estaminet (French, â€Å"tavern†): see cafà © 24. fast-food place: an informal establishment where prepared food is served quickly 25. food court: an area within a shopping mall with multiple fast-food restaurants 26. food truck: a truck or van that serves prepackaged food or food cooked in the vehicle 27. greasy spoon (American slang, from the notion of a place with unclean eating utensils): see â€Å"eating house† 28. grill: an informal restaurant 29. grillroom: see grill 30. hamburger stand: a small fast-food restaurant specializing in hamburgers 31. hash house: an inexpensive restaurant 32. hashery: see â€Å"hash house† 33. hot dog stand: a small fast-food restaurant specializing in hot dogs 34. inn: see tavern; also, sometimes one offering lodging 35. joint: slang for an informal restaurant or bar; also, slang for prison or a disreputable entertainment venue, and has multiple other unrelated meanings 36. lunch counter: see luncheonette; also, a counter inside a store at which food is served 37. lunch wagon: see diner 38. luncheonette: a small restaurant that offers lunch, often self-serve 39. lunchroom: see luncheonette; also, a room at a school for eating lunch sold there or brought from home 40. nightclub: an establishment serving food and drink and featuring live entertainment 41. nightspot: see nightclub 42–43. nitery (or niterie): see nightclub 44. pizzeria (Italian, â€Å"place where pizza is served,† from pizza, â€Å"bite†): a restaurant where pizzas and other Italian dishes are served 45. pothouse: see tavern; also, as pot house, a house where marijuana is grown and/or sold 46. pub (short for â€Å"public house†): see tavern 47. rathskeller (obsolete German, â€Å"council cellar,† from its origins as an establishment in the cellar of a town hall): a restaurant or tavern, usually one located in a basement 48. ristorante (Italian, â€Å"restaurant†): a restaurant serving Italian food 49. roadhouse: an establishment outside city limits that may serve food as well as liquor and features live or recorded music 50. saloon: see bar 51. supper club: see nightclub 52. snack bar: an establishment at which snacks are served at a counter 53. soda fountain: an establishment or area within a store for serving beverages, ice cream, and sometimes food 54. steakhouse: a restaurant specializing in beef dishes 55. taqueria (Spanish, â€Å"place where tacos are served†): an informal restaurant serving Mexican food 56. tavern: an establishment where liquor and sometimes food are served 57. tea shop (British English): see teahouse 58. teahouse: a restaurant where tea and refreshments are served 59. tearoom: see teahouse 60. trattoria (Italian, â€Å"establishment of a restaurateur,† from a word for treat): a small restaurant, usually one serving Italian food Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? 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